Figure 1. Cladogram of selected phreatoicidean taxa derived from a PAUP 3.0 analysis of the data in Table 1, PDF format, rooted length 202, consistency index 0.535, rescaled consistency index 0.236. Root determined by a suite of presumptive ancestral states (indicated by artificial taxon "hypanc"). Branches are marked with the character number and the state changes (see Appendix 2, PDF format ). Nicholls' (1943, 1944) family boundaries indicated at top of figure by horizontal bars. Character transitions with ambiguous optimisations are not shown; e.g., character state 14(2), which could be gained at the terminals, Mesamphisopus and Crenisopus, or could be gained at the root and lost on the branch leading to the remaining phreatoicideans.
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